Biology of humans
Human biology is an interdisciplinary field of research that looks at how genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences all influence and interact with humans. It ties together numerous aspects of human functionality and is strongly related to biomedical sciences, biological anthropology, and other biological subjects. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that Raymond Pearl, a biogerontologist and the creator of the magazine Human Biology, coined the term “human biology” to define a subset of biology.
It’s also a portmanteau word for all biological characteristics of the human body, usually employing the human body as a type organism for Mammalia, and it’s the foundation for many undergraduate University degrees and modules in that context.
The majority of human biology is identical or fairly comparable to that of other mammals. Humans, in particular, and as examples:
1.Keep their body temperature constant.
2. Have a skeleton on the inside
3. A circulatory system is required.
4. A neural system that provides sensory information as well as controls and coordinates muscular movement.
5. Have a reproductive system that allows them to produce milk and bear live young.
6. Possess an endocrine system capable of producing and eliminating hormones and other biochemical signalling signals.
7. Have a respiratory system in which oxygen is produced by inhaling air into the lungs.
8. Have a strong immune system to fight sickness.
9. Expel waste in the form of urine and faeces.
Human characteristics
Human biology’s most important features are the ways in which humans vary from other mammals.
Humans have a huge brain in a head that is disproportionately large for their size. This enormous brain has enabled a variety of unique characteristics, including as the creation of sophisticated languages and the ability to create and use a diverse set of tools.
Although the upright stance and bipedal locomotion are not unique to humans, they are the only creatures that rely on this style of locomotion almost completely. This has caused substantial modifications in the skeleton’s structure, particularly in the articulation of the pelvis and femur, as well as the articulation of the head.
Humans live much longer than most other mammals, with an average age of death in the developed world of about 80 years. Humans also have the longest childhood of any mammal, taking an average of 12 to 16 years to reach sexual maturity.
Humans don’t have fur. Humans are practically naked in terms of insulation from cold, notwithstanding a residual coating of fine hair, which may be more developed in some men, and localised hair covering on the head, axillary, and pubic regions. The explanation for this shift is still up for dispute.
Although the human eye can sense colour, it is not well adapted to low light situations. Although the senses of smell and taste are present, they are inferior to those of many other mammals. Human hearing is good, although not as good as that of other mammals. Similarly, while the human sense of touch is well developed, particularly in the hands, where dextrous tasks are done, it is still substantially less sensitive than that of other animals, particularly those with sensory bristles, such as cats.