Dengue

Dengue is a viral illness caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, particularly Aedes aegypti. These mosquitoes are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. When an infected mosquito bites a person, the virus enters the bloodstream and begins to replicate, leading to a range of symptoms that can vary in severity. Dengue is especially common during and after rainy seasons when mosquito breeding sites are more prevalent.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of dengue include a sudden onset of high fever, severe headaches, and significant pain in the muscles and joints, often referred to as “breakbone fever” due to the intensity of the discomfort. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, pain behind the eyes, skin rashes, and fatigue. In some cases, the disease can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever, which can cause bleeding, blood plasma leakage, and even organ failure if not treated promptly.

Treatment

Treatment for dengue primarily focuses on symptom management, as there is no specific antiviral medication available for the virus itself. Patients are advised to stay well-hydrated, rest, and take acetaminophen to reduce fever and pain. It is crucial to avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can increase the risk of bleeding. Medical supervision is necessary, especially in severe cases.

When to see a Doctor

It’s important to consult a doctor if symptoms worsen or if you develop severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or signs of bleeding, such as nosebleeds or bleeding gums. The recovery time for dengue generally spans from one to two weeks, though full recovery can take longer, especially in cases with complications like dehydration or hemorrhagic fever.